文章目录

• • refs
  • 检查基本信息
  • • config add pkgs_dirs
    • 查看condarc源文件
    • 按字段查询
    • 全部信息
  • conda Channel
  • • conda-forge 通道安装packge@conda install cupy
    • 不恰当的url Channel导致的错误
  • Channel指定使用完整的url链接conda install@conda临时换源
  • • conda install 安装pyside6🎈
    • 国内Channel安装
    • conda默认源安装
  • default_channels
  • Channel alias@Set a channel alias (channel_alias)
  • • 检查默认的channel_alias值
    • examples:
    • 将channel_alias设置为自己的存储库

refs

• Configuring a shared package cache — Anaconda documentation
• conda config — conda 23.3.0.post2+8419c02f5 documentation

检查基本信息

• (d:\condaPythonEnvs\d2l) PS D:\repos\blogs> conda infoactive environment : d2lactive env location : d:\condaPythonEnvs\d2lshell level : 1user config file : C:\Users\cxxu\.condarcpopulated config files : C:\Users\cxxu\.condarcconda version : 23.1.0conda-build version : not installedpython version : 3.9.5.final.0virtual packages : __archspec=1=x86_64__cuda=12.0=0__win=0=0base environment : C:\Users\cxxu\miniconda3  (writable)conda av data dir : C:\Users\cxxu\miniconda3\etc\condaconda av metadata url : Nonechannel URLs : https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/win-64https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/main/noarchhttps://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/r/win-64https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/r/noarchhttps://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/msys2/win-64https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/pkgs/msys2/noarchpackage cache : C:\Users\cxxu\miniconda3\pkgsC:\Users\cxxu\.conda\pkgsC:\Users\cxxu\AppData\Local\conda\conda\pkgsenvs directories : d:\condaPythonEnvsC:\Users\cxxu\miniconda3\envsC:\Users\cxxu\.conda\envsC:\Users\cxxu\AppData\Local\conda\conda\envsplatform : win-64user-agent : conda/23.1.0 requests/2.28.1 CPython/3.9.5 Windows/10 Windows/10.0.22621administrator : Falsenetrc file : Noneoffline mode : False
  

• 默认情况下,package chace包含3条目录:

  • package cache : C:\Users\cxxu\miniconda3\pkgsC:\Users\cxxu\.conda\pkgsC:\Users\cxxu\AppData\Local\conda\conda\pkgs
    

config add pkgs_dirs

• 使用config --add pkgs_dirs 可以为pkgs_dirs添加目录

  • 如果只添加一两条,可以用命令行添加:

  • (d:\condaPythonEnvs\d2l) PS D:\conda3\pkgs> conda config --add pkgs_dirs d:\conda3\pkgs
    Warning: 'd:\conda3\pkgs' already in 'pkgs_dirs' list, moving to the top
    

  • 如果添加的条目之前添加过,那么会调整条目的顺序(moving to the top)

• 如果需要添加多条目录,可以打开(没有则创建)condarc文件,直接编辑

• 编辑完后再检查以下:

• (d:\condaPythonEnvs\d2l) PS D:\conda3\pkgs> conda infoactive environment : d2lactive env location : d:\condaPythonEnvs\d2lshell level : 1user config file : C:\Users\cxxu\.condarc
  ...package cache : d:\conda3\pkgsC:\Users\cxxu\AppData\Local\conda\conda\pkgsC:\Users\cxxu\.conda\pkgsC:\Users\cxxu\miniconda3\pkgsenvs directories : d:\condaPythonEnvsC:\Users\cxxu\miniconda3\envsC:\Users\cxxu\.conda\envsC:\Users\cxxu\AppData\Local\conda\conda\envsplatform : win-64user-agent : conda/23.1.0 requests/2.28.1 CPython/3.9.5 Windows/10 Windows/10.0.22621administrator : Falsenetrc file : Noneoffline mode : False
  

查看condarc源文件

• conda config --show-sources

按字段查询

• 如果想要查询condarc文件中配置过的内容,可以用命令行查询conda config --get

  • (d:\condaPythonEnvs\pt2.0) PS D:\repos\CCSER\d2l-zh\pytorch> conda config --get pkgs_dirs
    --add pkgs_dirs 'C:\\Users\\cxxu\\miniconda3\\pkgs'
    --add pkgs_dirs 'C:\\Users\\cxxu\\.conda\\pkgs'
    --add pkgs_dirs 'C:\\Users\\cxxu\\AppData\\Local\\conda\\conda\\pkgs'
    --add pkgs_dirs 'd:\\conda3\\pkgs'
    (d:\condaPythonEnvs\pt2.0) PS D:\repos\CCSER\d2l-zh\pytorch>
    

全部信息

• conda config --show可以查询更加丰富的信息(包括默认的配置和没有显示设置在condarc文件中的信息)

conda Channel

• Conda channels — conda 23.3.0.post2+8419c02f5 documentation

conda-forge 通道安装packge@conda install cupy

• 清华源提供的配置,其中conda-forge可以直接安装某些包,比如cupy

  • (d:\condaPythonEnvs\pt2.0) PS D:\repos\blogs\python> conda install -c conda-forge cupy
    Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
    Solving environment: done## Package Plan ##environment location: d:\condaPythonEnvs\pt2.0added / updated specs:- cupyThe following packages will be downloaded:package                    |            build---------------------------|-----------------cudatoolkit-11.1.1         |      heb2d755_10        1.20 GB  conda-forgecupy-11.6.0                |  py310h1011f98_0        49.0 MB  conda-forgefastrlock-0.8              |  py310h8a704f9_2          29 KB  conda-forgepython_abi-3.10            |          2_cp310           4 KB  conda-forge------------------------------------------------------------Total:        1.25 GBThe following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:cudatoolkit        conda-forge/win-64::cudatoolkit-11.1.1-heb2d755_10cupy               conda-forge/win-64::cupy-11.6.0-py310h1011f98_0fastrlock          conda-forge/win-64::fastrlock-0.8-py310h8a704f9_2python_abi         conda-forge/win-64::python_abi-3.10-2_cp310The following packages will be SUPERSEDED by a higher-priority channel:ca-certificates    anaconda/pkgs/main::ca-certificates-2~ --> conda-forge::ca-certificates-2022.12.7-h5b45459_0certifi            anaconda/pkgs/main/win-64::certifi-20~ --> conda-forge/noarch::certifi-2022.12.7-pyhd8ed1ab_0Proceed ([y]/n)? n
    

不恰当的url Channel导致的错误

• 于是我尝试使用-c url的方式来指定通道,没想清华源和阿里源都提示:UnavailableInvalidChannel: HTTP 404 NOT FOUND for channel anaconda/cloud...

• 后来发现,是url不完整的问题

  • conda search -c https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/  pyside6
    conda search -c https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge  pyside6
    

  • 其中第一条语句后缀conda-forge缺失,尽管您可以通过浏览器打开该页面,但是却不能够用于conda -c的参数

Channel指定使用完整的url链接conda install@conda临时换源

conda install 安装pyside6🎈

• 假设您的源(channel)更换国内源

  • 以清华源为例,使用conda install pyside6和conda install -c conda-forge pyside6大概率是下载不下来的

• 检查当前的conda-forge Channel是否提供pyside6

  • PS C:\Users\cxxu\Desktop> conda search -c conda-forge  pyside6
    Loading channels: done
    # Name                       Version           Build  Channel
    pyside6                        6.4.0 py310h7a8ee39_0  conda-forge
    pyside6                        6.4.0 py310h7a8ee39_1  conda-forge
    pyside6                        6.4.0 py310h7a8ee39_2  conda-forge
    pyside6                        6.4.0 py310h7a8ee39_3  conda-forge
    

  • 此时用用的是清华源的Channel配置,虽然通过conda search -c conda-forge pyside6检查发现存在相关的包,但是当我安装的时候却一直停留在solving environment...这一步

• 我猜测应该是国内源提供的配置方法存在一定问题

  • 查阅conda channel_alias的文档发现,conda-forge是一个缩写,执行的时候会插入一个前缀url
  • 您可以通过conda config --show 来检查
  • 后面会小结继续讨论channel_alias字段

国内Channel安装

• conda search -c https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge pyside6

• 查找是否提供相关的包

  • PS D:\repos\blogs\python> conda search -c https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge  pyside6
    Loading channels: done
    # Name                       Version           Build  Channel
    pyside6                        6.4.0 py310h7a8ee39_0  anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
    pyside6                        6.4.0 py310h7a8ee39_1  anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
    pyside6                        6.4.0 py310h7a8ee39_2  anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
    pyside6                        6.4.0 py310h7a8ee39_3  anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
    

• 安装

  • PS D:\repos\blogs\python> conda activate pyside_conda
    (d:\condaPythonEnvs\pyside_conda) PS D:\repos\blogs\python> conda install -c https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge pyside6Collecting package metadata (current_repodata.json): done
    Solving environment: done## Package Plan ##environment location: d:\condaPythonEnvs\pyside_condaadded / updated specs:- pyside6The following packages will be downloaded:package                    |            build---------------------------|-----------------bzip2-1.0.8                |       h8ffe710_4         149 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forgecairo-1.16.0               |    hd694305_1014         2.3 MB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forgedouble-conversion-3.2.0    |       h63175ca_1          72 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forgeexpat-2.5.0                |       h1537add_0         339 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forgefont-ttf-dejavu-sans-mono-2.37|       hab24e00_0         388 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge
    ...https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forgevs2015_runtime-14.34.31931 |      h4c5c07a_10         708 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forgewheel-0.40.0               |     pyhd8ed1ab_0          54 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forgexz-5.2.6                   |       h8d14728_0         213 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forgezlib-1.2.13                |       hcfcfb64_4         113 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forgezstd-1.5.2                 |       h12be248_6         282 KB  https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/anaconda/cloud/conda-forge------------------------------------------------------------Total:       159.7 MBThe following NEW packages will be INSTALLED:bzip2              anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-64::bzip2-1.0.8-h8ffe710_4ca-certificates    anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-64::ca-certificates-2022.12.7-h5b45459_0cairo              anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-64::cairo-1.16.0-hd694305_1014...xz                 anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-64::xz-5.2.6-h8d14728_0zlib               anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-64::zlib-1.2.13-hcfcfb64_4zstd               anaconda/cloud/conda-forge/win-64::zstd-1.5.2-h12be248_6Proceed ([y]/n)? yDownloading and Extracting PackagesPreparing transaction: done
    Verifying transaction: done
    Executing transaction: done
    (d:\condaPythonEnvs\pyside_conda) PS D:\repos\blogs\python>
    

conda默认源安装

• 我再尝试用conda的默认的源:

  • https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/

  • 完整命令为conda install -c https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/ pyside6

  • (d:\condaPythonEnvs\pt2.0) PS D:\repos\blogs\python> conda install -c https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/ pyside6
    Collecting package me- data (current_repodata.json): done
    Solving environment: done## Package Plan ##environment location: d:\condaPythonEnvs\pt2.0added / updated specs:- pyside6The following packages will be downloaded:package                    |            build---------------------------|-----------------cairo-1.16.0               |    hd694305_1014         2.3 MB  conda-forgedouble-conversion-3.2.0    |       h63175ca_1          72 KB  conda-forgeexpat-2.5.0                |       h1537add_0         339 KB  conda-forgefont-ttf-dejavu-sans-mono-2.37|       hab24e00_0         388 KB  conda-forgefont-ttf-inconsolata-3.000 |       h77eed37_0          94 KB  conda-forgefont-ttf-source-code-pro-2.038|       h77eed37_0         684 KB  conda-forgefont-ttf-ubuntu-0.83       |       hab24e00_0         1.9 MB  conda-forgefontconfig-2.14.2          |       hbde0cde_0         186 KB  conda-forge...
    

  • 官方源,可想而知,是相当慢

default_channels

• Using the .condarc conda configuration file — conda 23.3.0.post2+8419c02f5 documentation

Channel alias@Set a channel alias (channel_alias)

• Using the .condarc conda configuration file — conda 23.3.0.post2+8419c02f5 documentation
• 每当您使用-c或–channel标志向conda提供不是URL的通道名称时，conda都会将channel_alias前缀添加到它所给出的名称。默认的channel_alias是https://conda.anaconda.org。
• 如果channel_alias设置为https://my.anaconda.repo:8080/conda/，则运行命令conda install -c conda-forge some-package的用户将从https://my.anaconda.repo:8080/conda/conda-forge安装软件包some-package。

检查默认的channel_alias值

• 以powershell为例:conda config --show |sls channel_alias

  PS C:\Users\cxxu\Desktop> conda config --show |sls channel_aliaschannel_alias: https://conda.anaconda.org
  migrated_channel_aliases: []
  

• 如果没有设置过,那么默认值为https://conda.anaconda.org

examples:

• 例如，命令：

  conda install --channel asmeurer 与以下命令相同：

  conda install --channel https://conda.anaconda.org/asmeurer

将channel_alias设置为自己的存储库

• 例如：将channel_alias设置为https://your.repo/的存储库：channel_alias: https://your.repo/

• 在Windows上，您必须在URL末尾包含斜杠（“/”）：

  • 例如：https://your.repo/conda/

• 当channel_alias设置为https://your.repo.com的存储库时：

  • conda install --channel jsmith 与以下命令相同：
  • conda install --channel https://your.repo.com/jsmith